European alternatives to 1.1.1.1

1.1.1.1 is a public DNS resolver operated by Cloudflare, a company based in the United States. You point a phone, a router or a laptop at it instead of the resolver your internet provider hands out, and it translates domain names into IP addresses. People choose it for response speed, for support of encrypted DNS transports, and because the address itself is short enough to type from memory.

Every lookup tells the resolver which sites you are about to open, so who runs it and under which laws matters. A European alternative to 1.1.1.1 keeps that stream of queries with an operator inside the EU or EFTA, away from the reach of the US CLOUD Act. DNS4EU is a publicly backed resolver initiative, quad9 blocks lookups for domains known to be malicious, and Mullvad DNS comes from the same team behind Mullvad VPN.